Água e eletrólitos intra-eritrocitários em lactentes desnutridos e desnutridos desidratados

Orientador: Mitsuru MiyakiCo-Orientadores: Dinarte José Giraldi, Noboro MiasakiDissertaçao (mestrado) -Universidade Federal do Paraná. . Curso de Pós-Graduaçao em PediatriaSem resumo

Transtorno autístico e doença celíaca : sem evidências de associação

Objective: To evaluate the possible association between celiac disease (CD) and/or gluten sensitivity (GS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: Occurrences of CD were determined in a group of children and adolescents affected by ASD and, conversely, occurrences of ASD were assessed in a group of biopsy-proven celiac patients. To detect the possible existence of GS, the levels of antigliadin antibodies in ASD patients were assessed and compared with the levels in a group of non-celiac children. Results: The prevalence of CD or GS in ASD patients was not greater than in groups originating from the same geographical area. Similarly the prevalence of ASD was not greater than in a group of biopsy-proven CD patients. Conclusion: No statistically demonstrable association was found between CD or GS and ASD. Consequently, routine screening for CD or GS in all patients with ASD is, at this moment, neither justifed nor cost-effective. ___________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar a possível associação entre doença celíaca (DC) e/ou sensibilidade ao glúten (SG) e transtorno do espectro autista (TEA). Métodos: Ocorrências de DC foram determinadas em um grupo de crianças e adolescentes afetados pelo TEA e a ocorrência d TEA foi avaliada em um grupo de pacientes com DC comprovada por biópsia. Para detectar a possível existência de SG, foram determinados níveis de anticorpos antigliadina em pacientes com TEA e comparados ao grupo de crianças sem a doença celíaca. Resultados: A prevalência de DC ou SG não foi maior no grupo de pacientes com TEA quando comparada a grupos de indivíduos originários da mesma região geográfca. De modo similar, a prevalência do TEA não foi maior ao ser comparada ao grupo de pacientes com DC. Conclusão: Não houve associação estatisticamente demonstrável entre DC ou SG e TEA. Consequentemente, não são justifcáveis, no momento, exames de rotina para detecção de DC ou SG em pacientes com TEA

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Água e eletrólitos intra-eritrocitários em lactentes desnutridos e desnutridos desidratados

Orientador: Mitsuru MiyakiCo-Orientadores: Dinarte José Giraldi, Noboro MiasakiDissertaçao (mestrado) -Universidade Federal do Paraná. . Curso de Pós-Graduaçao em PediatriaSem resumo

Estudo da possível associação entre a doença celíaca e as desordens do espectro autista

Tese (doutorado)-Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2011.Introdução. Um aumento da presença de distúrbios gastrintestinais em pacientes com desordem do espectro autista – (DEA) é um tema recorrente, tanto na literatura médica quanto entre os pais e cuidadores de crianças autistas. Vários estudos têm relatado que as dietas sem glúten e livres de caseína melhoraram os sintomas do autismo, apesar de provas suficientes de que essa associação realmente existe, e uma completa concordância entre os autores sobre este tema ainda está faltando. Buie 2010, Erickson 2005, Molloy 2003 e Ibrahim 2009 Da mesma forma, a existência de possíveis ligações entre doença celíaca – (DC) e DEA (Barcia 2008) e entre DC ou sensibilidade ao glúten – (SG) e transtornos psiquiátricos tem sido sugerido por vários autores durante a última década (2006 e Kalaydijian Cascella 2011), mas contrariada em outros artigos.Pavone 1997 Objetivos. Avaliar a possível associação entre doença celíaca e ou sensibilidade ao glúten e desordem do espectro autista. Métodos: A ocorrência de doença celíaca foi determinada em um grupo de crianças e adolescentes afetados pela desordem do espectro autista e a ocorrência desta foi avaliada em um grupo de pacientes com DC comprovada por biópsia. Para detectar a possível existência de SG, níveis de anticorpos antigliadina foram determinados em pacientes com DEA e comparados à grupo de crianças não-celíacas. Resultados: A prevalência de DC ou SG não estava aumentada no grupo de pacientes com desordem do espectro autista quando comparada a grupos de indivíduos originários da mesma região geográfica e similarmente, a prevalência de DEA não foi maior ao ser comparada a grupo de pacientes com DC. Conclusões. Não houve associação estatisticamente demonstrável entre DC ou SG e DEA. Consequentemente exames de rotina para a detecção de DC ou SG em todos pacientes com desordem do espectro autista não são presentemente justificáveis. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTIntroduction: An increased presence of gastrointestinal disturbances in ASD patients is a recurring theme, both in the medical literature and among the parents and caregivers of autistic children. Several studies have reported that gluten-free and casein-free diets ameliorated autistic symptoms, although sound evidence that this association really exists and a complete agreement among authors regarding this topic is still lacking. Buie 2010, Erickson 2005,\Molloy 2003 e Ibrahim 2009 Similarly, the existence of possible links between CD and ASDs (Barcia 2008)and between CD or gluten sensitivity and psychiatric disorders has been suggested by several authors during the last decade (Kalaydijian 2006 e Cascella 2011) but contradicted by other reports.Pavone 1997.Objectives: To evaluate the possible association between celiac disease (CD) and/or gluten sensitivity and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Methods: Occurrence of CD was determined in a group of children and adolescents affected by ASD and conversely, the occurrence of ASD was assessed in a group of biopsy-proven celiac patients. To detect the possible existence of gluten sensitivity (GS), levels of antigliadin antibodies were assessed in ASD patients and compared with a group of non-celiac children. Results: The prevalence of CD or GS in ASD patients was not increased when compared to groups originating from the same geographical area and similarly, the prevalence of ASD was not increased when compared to a group of biopsy proven CD patients. Conclusions: no statistically demonstrable association was found between CD or GS and ASD and, routine screening for CD or GS in all patients with ASD is, at this moment, neither justified nor cost effective